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Bocconcino Grammaticale

Here you find useful grammar elements with easy explanations and links to detailed charts and exercises. You can review all elements and then move to the page "Esercizi" (Exercises), or you can review one element at the time and complete the related exercise/s immediately.

 

Gli elementi grammaticali che troverai qui sono:
The grammatical elements you will find here are:

Ripasso (es. 2,es. 5, es. 6, es. 8 ed es. 9)

Nel dialogo fra Pinocchio e il suo amico Paolo forse hai notato questa espressione:

 

"Non ci ho mai pensato."

In the dialogue between Pinocchio and his friend Paolo, you might have noticed the expression:

 

"Non ci ho mai pensato" (I have never thought about it).

La particella "ci" significa "a questo, a questa cosa". A livello principianti, in "maniera descrittiva" avresti potuto dire: "non ho mai pensato a questa cosa". The little particle "ci" means "about it, about this thing". At beginner level, in a "descriptive way", you could have said: "Non ho mai pensato a questa cosa" (I have never thought about this thing).
A livello intermedio, in "maniera narrativa" gli italiani amano usare piccole particelle chiamate "pronomi" (che sostituiscono i nomi). In tal modo, si creano frasi più brevi, colorate, musicali ed espressive come "Non ci ho mai pensato".

At intermediate level, in a "narrative way", Italians like to use little particles called "pronouns" (that replace nouns). In this way, they create shorter, more colorful, musical and expressive sentences like "Non ci ho mai pensato" (I have never thought about it).

Nel Corso Intermedio studierai e praticherai i pronomi e altre strutture intermedie. Tuttavia, prima di procedere, è una buona idea ripassare alcuni elementi di base della lingua italiana:

 

articoli
concordanze
preposizioni semplici e articolate

In the Intermediate Course you will study and practice the pronouns and other intermediate structures. However, before we proceed it is a good idea to review some basic elements of Italian language:

 

articles

agreements

simple and combined prepositions

Gli articoli sono molto usati nella lingua italiana. Aiutano veramente ad introdurre e definire un nome e a rendere la lingua più musicale.

Articles are very used in Italian language. They really help in introducing and defining a noun and having a more musical language.

 

Compara:

 

  • Ho visto uno studente e un bambino.
    (I saw a student and a child - undefined people).

  • Ho visto gli studenti e i bambini.
    (I saw the students and the children - defined people - previously mentioned).

  • Ho visto studenti e bambini.
    (I saw students and chilren - undefined people).

 

 

Le concordanze di articoli e nomi (con femminile e maschile, singolare e plurale) creano la musica della lingua italiana. The agreement of articles and nouns (with feminine and masculine, singular and plural), creates the music of the Italian language.

 

Compara:

 

  • Il ragazzo italiano.

  • La ragazza italiana.

  • I ragazzi italiani.

  • Le ragazze italiane.
  • I ragazzi e le ragazze italiani.

 

Continua a praticare le concordanze e gioca con la musica della lingua italiana. Keep on practicing the agreements and play with the music of the Italian language.
Nel frattempo, ripassa e aggiungi alla musica della lingua anche le preposizioni. Meanwhile, review and add to the music of the language also the prepositions.
Le preposizioni sono uno degli aspetti più illogici della lingua. Ci sono poche regole da imparare; il resto è solo pratica. Per esempio, gli italiani dicono: Prepositions are one of the most illogical aspects of the language. There are a few rules to learn; the rest is just practice. For example, Italians say:

 

  • vado in montagna
    (I go to the mountains)
  • vado in campagna
    (I go to the countryside)
  • vado al mare
    (I go to the seaside;
    in this case the simple preposition "a" is combined with the article "il")
  • vado a casa
    (I go home)
  • vado a scuola
    (I go to school)
  • vado in ufficio
    (I go to the office)

 

Le preposizioni si dividono in semplici e articolate. Prepositions are divided into simple and combined.

 

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Verbi (es. 3, es. 4 ed es. 7)

Molti studenti hanno ancora problemi con l'uso dei verbi. Capiamo che le coniugazioni dei verbi possano non essere facili. Tuttavia, sono molto importanti da sapere quando parliamo; dovresti averle pronte "sulla punta della lingua"!

Per imparare i verbi, studia le terminazioni (desinenze) corrette e continua a praticare con gli esercizi.

Many students still have problems with the use of the verbs. We understand that verbs conjugations may not be easy. However, they are very important to know when you speak; you should have them ready "on the tip of your tongue"!

In order to learn the verbs, study the correct endings and keep on practicing with the exercises.

Ricorda che i verbi italiani hanno tre diverse terminazioni: ARE, ERE, IRE (ballARE, ridERE, dormIRE). Per coniugare un verbo bisogna togliere le desinenze dell'infinito e sostituirle con altre desinenze appropriate. Remember that Italian verbs have three different endings: "ARE", "ERE", "IRE" (ballARE, ridERE, dormIRE). To conjugate a verb you replace the ending of the infinitive with other appropriate endings.

Per esempio, il presente indicativo del verbo BALLARE:

 

io ball-o
tu ball-i
lui/lei ball-a

noi ball-iamo
voi ball-ate
loro ball-ano

 

Parlando di Pinocchio, (lui), sostituisci l'infinito ARE con "A", la terza desinenza del presente: "Pinocchio ballA. Geppetto non ballA, Geppetto lavorA".

For example, the present indicative of the verb BALLARE (to dance):

 

io ball-o
tu ball-i
lui/lei ball-a

noi ball-iamo
voi ball-ate
loro ball-ano

 

Talking about Pinocchio, (lui), you substitute the infinitive ARE with "A", the third ending of the present: "Pinocchio ballA. Geppetto non ballA, Geppetto lavorA".

Io ballO sempre. Tu ballI? "Io ballO sempre. Tu ballI?" (I always dance. Do you dance?)
Per formare il passato prossimo devi usare il verbo avere o essere con il participio passato del verbo. To form the "passato prossimo", you have to use the verb "avere" (to have) or "essere" (to be) with the past participle of the verb.
Per esempio, per formare il passato prossimo di BALLARE usi il verbo avere e sostituisci la desinenza dell'infinito "ARE" con la desinenza del participio passato "ATO": Pinocchio HA ballATO. Io non HO ballATO For example, to form the "passato prossimo" of BALLARE (to dance) you use the verb "avere"and you substitute the infinitive "ARE" with "ATO", the ending of the Past Participle: "Pinocchio HA ballATO. Io non HO ballATO" (Pinocchio has danced. I have not danced.)
Tu hai ballato?

"Tu hai ballato?" (Have you danced?)

 

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Molto bene! Ti ha spaventato la grammatica? Rilassati! Vogliamo solo darti gli elementi per capire i meccanismi della lingua. Very good! Did the grammar scare you? Relax! We just want to give you some elements to understand the structure of the language.

Ricorda però che la pratica è l'unico segreto per imparare. Vai avanti dunque e fai gli esercizi!

Remember though that practice is the only secret to learning. Therefore, go on and do the exercises!

 

 


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esame
  Esame

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   Lesson 1


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  • Introduzione

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  • Dialogo

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  • Cultura

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  • Grammatica

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  • Esercizi

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  • Attività

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  • Esame

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